Thailand Articles of Association for Use in China
The Situation
A articles of association issued in Thailand has to be used in China. The instinct is to send the original to China and sort it out there.
That instinct costs an international courier round trip, because China does not authenticate foreign documents. The authentication has to happen in Thailand, before the document travels.
What Actually Went Wrong
Chinese notaries cannot authenticate a foreign original. They can notarize a translation of it, which is a different act, and that act does not substitute for authentication abroad.
The correct sequence is two-stage: consular legalisation through the Chinese embassy in Thailand, since Thailand is not yet covered by the Convention for China, then a Chinese translation notarized as required by the receiving Chinese authority.
How It Was Resolved
Obtain the authentication in Thailand first. Then have the document translated into Chinese by an agency the receiving Chinese authority accepts, and have that translation notarized in China where required.
The two stages are normal and expected. Merging them, or reversing them, is what causes rework — and rework here means another courier leg in each direction.
The General Rule
Foreign-to-China work inverts the usual sequence, and that inversion is the whole lesson.
For Thailand specifically: Thailand deposited its instrument on 30 June 2026 and is not covered until 28 February 2027, so consular legalisation applies until then. The same standard applied to a articles of association going the other way does not carry over, because the two directions are governed by different receiving systems.
Check These Before You Submit
- Get the consular legalisation in Thailand first
- Do not send an unauthenticated original to China
- Use a translation agency the Chinese receiving authority accepts
- Budget two international courier legs
Legal Basis
Hague Apostille Convention of 5 October 1961; China in force since 7 November 2023.